COVID–19: Abin da yakamata a sani game da cutar murar mashako

By Adamu Abubakar Sadeeq, PhD

Menene cutar murar mashako (COVID19)?

Cutar murar mashaƙo (COVID19) tana daya daga cikin cututtukan nunfashin dake yiwa dan-adam lahani, wacce ta kansa zazzabi mai tsanani. Wannan sabuwar cutar, ta samo asali ne daga garin Wuhan dake kasar Sin (China). A inda hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) tasa wa cutar suna COVID-19, saboda bullar ta, a miladiyya ta dubu biyu da shatara (2019).

Ta wani hanyoyi ne ake kamuwa da cutar murar mushako (COVID19)?

Mutane suna kamuwa da cutar murar mashaƙo ne ta hanyar kusan ci ko mu’a mala da mai cutar, ko ta hanyar tari da atishawa na wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar a inda zata watsu a cikin iska. Hakanan kuma, ana iya samun kwayar cutar ta hanyar taɓa wani abu ko abin da ya gurbata da ƙwayar cutar, sannan kuma a taɓa baki, hanci, ko idanu – amma ba’a tunanin shine babbar hanyar da kwayar cutar ke yaduwa.

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Cutar murar mashako ta bazu a kasashen duniya sama da dari da chasa`in (190) inda ta hada da yankunan Afrika hardama Najeriya. A bisa kididdigan hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO), ta bayyana cewa mutane sama da dubu dari uku (300, 000) ne suka kamu da cutar, kuma ta halaka sama da dubu sha shida (16, 000) har izuwa yau.

Menene alamomin cutar murar mashako (COVID19)?

Kamar ciwon mura, alamun cutar murar mashako sun hada da tari, zazzaɓi da kuma haki. Mutanen dake dauke da murar mashako, na fama da alamun kamuwa kamar haka: tari, ciwon jiki, cushewar hanci, makakin makoshi, da yawan fitar majina. Kwayar cutar (Coronavirus) tana fara nuna alamu ne a tsakanin kwana biyu da zuwa mako biyu bayan kamuwa da ita cutar.

Suwa suka fi hadarin kamuwa?

Mutanen da suka fi sauki ko saurin kamuwa da cutar murar mashako sun hada da masu ciwon sukari, ciwon zuciya, da kuma tsofaffi, da wanda garkuwan jikin su yayi rauni.

Yaya zaka kare kanka da cutar murar mashako (COVID-19)?

Mafi kyawun matakin rigakafin wannan cutar a yanzu shi ne: kauracewa kamuwa da cutar murar mashako. Kuna iya yin haka ta ɗaukar matakan tsantsan kamar yadda kuke yi idan kuna ƙoƙarin gujewa kamuwa da sauran cututtuka.

Sanan kuma ana son mutane su bi dokokin hukumar lafiya ta duniya (WHO) da masana kiwon lafiya kamar haka:

1. Wanke hannaye da sabulu da ruwa akai-akai.
2. A guji hulɗa da masu murar mashako.
3. A guji yawan taɓa idanu, hanci, da baki idan ba wanke su akeyi ba.
4. Rufe baki da hanci, da tsabta-taccen hankaci ko auduga.
5. ka lanƙwasa gwiwar hannunka yayin da kake atishawa ko tari.
6. Tsayuwa nesa da juna.
7. Idan kana jin alamun rashin lafiya, ka tsaya a gida.
8. Idan kaji alamun murar mashako (COVID-19) kamar tari ko haki , to a nemi agajin likitacikin hanza

Me zaka yi idan kayi zaton kamuwa da cutar murar mashako (COVID-19)?

Alamomin cutar COVID-19, sun yi kama dana mura, a inda yake zama ƙalubale wajen gano takamaiman dalilin cutar murar mashako. Idan kana tunanin ka kamu da COVID-19, to ya kamata ka nemi kulawar likita da wuri-wuri. Don gujewa yada cutar.

Kafin samun kulawar jami’an lafiya sai abi waɗannan ka’idoji don rage yiwuwar harbawa wasu cutar: Killace kai a gida gwargwadon iyawa, idan mai yuwuwa ne, ka kasance a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen ɗaki, ka yi amfani da wani ɗaki daban da sauran mutan gida. Tsabtatace inda cutar ta shafa, yin amfani da makewayi daban da mutan gida.

Shin akwai magani ko rigakafin (vaccine) cutar murar mashako (COVID-19)?

A halin yanzu babu magani, ko rigakafin cutar COVID-19. Mutanen da ke kamuwa da kwayar cutar ya zama tilas suga likita don rage yaduwar cutar da alamun bayyanar ta. A guji shan magani bada izinin likita ba.

Translated to Hausa by: Adamu Abubakar Sadeeq, PhD, FASLN

Neuroscience Unit, Human Anatomy Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria. Email: aasadeequ@gmail.com, aasadeeq@abu.edu.ng Phone: +2348038250628

Credit: Science Communication Hub Nigeria